Copyright and Permissions
Copyright Policy
For articles published from 2023 onward, authors retain the copyright under the terms of the Creative Commons licenses selected at the time of publication. The Journal currently supports two licensing options:
CC-BY 4.0 (Attribution):
This license allows users to share (copy and redistribute in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon) the material for any purpose, even commercially, under the condition that:
- Appropriate credit is given to the original author and publication. The proper form of acknowledgment can be found under ‘Cite as’ in each article.
- A mention is included if changes were made to the original material.
- A link to the license is provided (CC-BY 4.0 License).
- Therefore, there is no need for the author or publisher to give permission to reproduce articles or material within the articles. However, we strongly recommend contacting the author to inform them about reproduction of the work.
CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives):
This license allows users to share (copy and redistribute) the material in any medium or format under the condition that:
- Appropriate credit is given to the original author and publication. The proper form of acknowledgment can be found under ‘Cite as’ in each article.
- A mention is included if changes were made to the original material.
- A link to the license is provided (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 License).
- However, the material cannot be adapted (remixed, transformed, or built upon) or used for commercial purposes without prior permission from the author.
For articles published before 2023, the Publisher holds the copyright on all materials, whether in print or electronic form, both as a compilation and as individual articles.
Permissions for reuse of these materials are managed through the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC). Users seeking permissions for these works should visit:
By submitting to the Journal, authors agree to publish their work under one of these licenses, ensuring broad dissemination while maintaining proper attribution.
Permissions and Usage
All content published in the Journal is subject to “fair use” provisions of U.S. and applicable international copyright laws (see U.S. Copyright Law). The following guidelines apply to individual users:
- Individuals may view, download, print, or save Journal content for research, teaching, and/or private study.
- Systematic, automated downloading (e.g., by robots or web scrapers) that exceeds fair use is discouraged to protect website integrity.
- Individuals may not sell or create derivative works of Journal content unless permitted under the applicable Creative Commons license.
- When reusing content, proper citation must be provided, including author attribution, publication date, article title, journal name, and the article’s DOI or URL.
For permissions beyond the scope of these guidelines, please contact the Journal or the Copyright Clearance Center.
For permissions-related inquiries, please contact the editorial office at ajs@yale.edu.
Disclaimer
The Journal strives for accuracy but provides content “as is” without warranties regarding completeness, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. The Publisher is not liable for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising from the use or inability to use Journal content.